What does the Refuse Act prohibit?

The Refuse Act primarily prohibits the discharge of refuse, including any type of pollutants or waste, into the waters of the United States. This legislation is part of a broader effort to protect the nation’s waterways and ensure their cleanliness and safety. By regulating the disposal of refuse, the act aims to safeguard aquatic ecosystems, maintain water quality, and protect public health, emphasizing the importance of preserving natural water bodies for recreational and environmental purposes.

The other options do not align with the focus of the Refuse Act. Discharging fish into the water pertains to wildlife management rather than pollution control. Swimming near vessels involves safety regulations instead of refuse management. Camping near water bodies is related to land use and zoning considerations, which the Refuse Act does not address. Thus, the correct answer aligns directly with the Act's objective to prevent pollution in the nation’s waters.